Nanocarrier imaging at single-cell resolution across entire mouse bodies with deep learning

Introduction: We present Single Cell Precision Nanocarrier Identification (SCP-Nano), an integrated experimental and deep learning pipeline to comprehensively quantify the targeting of nanocarriers throughout the whole mouse body at single-cell resolution. SCP-Nano reveals the tissue distribution patterns of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) at doses as low as 0.0005 mg kg⁻¹—far below the detection limits of conventional whole body imaging techniques. SCP-Nano generalizes to various types of nanocarriers, including liposomes, polyplexes, DNA origami and adeno-associated viruses (AAVs).