Medicine to Agriculture: Microfluidic-Produced N-Loaded Liposomes as Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizer

Fertilizers are vital for food production, but inefficient use leads to nutrient losses, pollution, and lower yields. Nano-enabled enhanced efficiency fertilizers offer a solution, yet cost and scalability remain challenges. Liposomal carriers, widely used in nanomedicine, provide a biodegradable, scalable alternative. This study demonstrates the first continuous production of agrochemical-loaded liposomes via microfluidics, encapsulating potassium nitrate (KNO₃) as a nitrogen fertilizer with no detrimental effects to grass growth, highlighting their potential for sustainable nutrient delivery