Sequential delivery of macrophage activators and checkpoint inhibitors reduces mice melanoma burden

Introduction: Here, we developed a novel
facile method to generate succinate-based nanoparticles (NPs) and utilized these NPs to
activate the innate immune cells. Previously, we had demonstrated that succinate based microparticles (PES
MPs) when implanted with the cancer cells in mice prevented tumor growth by modulating
tumor associated macrophages (TAMs). However, implanting PES MPs is not always accessible; therefore, this study generated PES NPs capable of infiltrating the TME. Moreover, the combination of PES NPs and anti-PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors was evaluated in B16BL6 tumor-bearing mice.