Intestinal Fc receptor-targeted nanomedicines boost semaglutide effect in type 2 diabetes

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by inadequate secretion of insulin from pancreatic β cells, leading to impaired glucose tolerance (1). The blood glucose levels of diabetic patients can be controlled with the oral administration of the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog, semaglutide; however, its modest bioavailability is still a concern (2). Hence, the main goal of this work is to enhance the oral delivery of semaglutide by incorporating into polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), surface-functionalized with ligands targeting the intestinal neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn).