Impact of DNA origami shape, ligand, and ligand density on diffusion through intestinal mucus

Introduction: While oral drug delivery is preferred for its simplicity and patient compliance, it faces challenges like degradation, poor solubility, and limited permeability [1]. Targeting the epithelial layer adds further complexity, as carriers, such as nanoparticles, must effectively diffuse through the mucus while maintaining efficient targeting [2-3]. Using DNA origami nanostructures, with their precise programmability, we explore how shape and surface modifications impact mucosal diffusion, playing a key role in overcoming the mucus barrier and improving therapeutic efficacy [4].