Nanoparticles-mediated Inhibition of DPP4 for Improved Cancer Immunochemotherapy

Introduction: Chemokines such as CXCL10 are critical in promoting T-cell infiltration into tumors for effective immunotherapy. CXCL10 as well as several other T-cell recruiting chemokines are inactivated by DPP4, an enzyme that removes their N-terminal dipeptide. Despite various effects to promote the production of these chemokines, how DPP4 will impact their overall efficacy remains elusive. In addition, no study has reported of the combined effects of DPP4 inhibition and chemotherapy on immune responses. This highlights the need for innovative strategies to enhance immunochemotherapy via targeting DPP4.